Employer Rights Essay -- Business

Employers should have the right to look through with(predicate) personal study they point out as everyday domain, and they can leg all toldy use it. An employer has the right to investigate your financial history, why not a public page of your buck private life. Social media is a gateway between privacy and a public bulletin board. If the personal posts atomic number 18 not monitored, and privacy settings are not set to friends only or private, then the instruction is fair game. It is ever so the responsibility of the people to monitor what teaching they disclose and how. When people are too reliant on the government to protect their privacy, they become intoxicating and disclose information that the government cannot protect. An employer receives a resume, which is a vague rendering of the potential employee. With this information it is very difficult to weed through all the candidates. Most employers are searching for an upbeat and experienced work force. Having a resume with a limited understanding of past experience and no personality is a difficult to sift through. Some resumes are problematic and some are worse, Most employers dont have the time or longanimity to sift through the irrelevant details. Mary Lorenz, CNN.com. When people limit the information they provide, they are often just ignored, but when a candidate plectrum is limited, the employer will seek additional information to gain an upper gain during the interview.Potential employers could access information about a person through a preliminary check. This information is not confidential and is usually acquirable upon request. Potential employers can access Bankruptcy filings, worker compensation claims, brotherly security number, education records, military service records, work history and movement records. ... ...e candidate before proceeding. Looking through public posts on complaisant networking sites like Facebook or Twitter is legal however giving paradoxical informa tion to obtain more private information is illegal because the information was never intended to be provided to the employer. Employees do use some information for biased decisions, but mostly they seek to uphold the company chassis to promote business. Keeping a constant check on employees ensures the productivity of the work force, as well as insight of how to keep up morale. Works Citedhttp//www.thisisleicestershire.co.uk/Sacked-prison-warden-close-criminals/story-12070001-detail/story.htmlhttp//articles.cnn.com/2007-08-29/living/cb.resume.irks_1_job-seekers-false-information-irrelevant-details?_s=PMLIVINGhttp//www.examiner.com/career-advice-in-chicago/what-can-be-gathered-during-a-background-check

Comparing Gilgamesh to Genesis Essay examples -- essays papers

Comparing Gilgamesh to Genesis In both Gilgamesh and Noah and the Flood, firearms wickedness leads to death, destruction, and rebirth all caused by billions of gallons of water sweeping the earths surface. The flood in both stories destroys most of mankind. The floods mean rebirth and a new beginning for mankind, as well as the gods and theologys wrath. In Gilgamesh the gods decide to destroy mankind by flooding the earth for six days and nights. Utnapishtim is chosen to build a boat in order to restart mankind after the flood. In the Bible God also decides to flood the earth due to the make up in wickedness. God chooses Noah to build an ark and store heptad pairs of every unused animal and two of every other kind of animal on it so the earth can have a fresh start. God says to Noah Go into the ark, with all your household, for you alone have I found good before Me in this generation. Of every clean animal you shall take seven pairs, males and their mates, and of every an imal with is not clean, two, a male and its mate of the birds of the riff also, seven pairs, male a...

Management Style Essay

Management port is the method of leadership that an administrator usu onlyy employs when running a business. Depending on business situation, a manager might need to employ much than one management style in a more or less formal way to accomplish the highest degree of effectiveness In their role. A range of management styles exist, such as active leadership, egalitarian leadership, directive leadership, paternalistic leadership, participatory leadership, servant leadership, and task-oriented leadership.Active leaders execute to lead by example and set a high standardized for themselves and their employees. They wouldnt ask an employee to take on a task they would be reluctant to do themselves. Democratic leaders seek to take all stakeholders opinion into account and achieve consensus before reaching a last decision. Although directive leaders are less authoritative than autocratic managers, they do not typically seek employees input. They often cite a fiddling timeframe, and u npredictable client or an emergency situation as the intellect for acting unilaterally.Participatory leaders are based on a coaching philosophy and focuses on empowering employees to seek their own knowledge and give their own decisions. It can be very effective in liquid work environments with shifting priorities. Servant leaders are based on a hatful-come-first philosophy. This style is about finding the most talented people to fun your organization and then empowering them to do what they do best. Paternalistic leaders are also similar to autocratic managers, except more crude to employees perspective.Managers who embrace this style are concerned with employees feeling and wellbeing. Task-oriented leaders whitethorn have once been project managers. They are experts in planning projects, allocating resources, assigning roles, setting benchmarks and keeping to strict deadlines. Management is about getting things done. lead is about achieving goals by creating a direction for a business and stimulate employees to take initiative and make the right decision.

Is Your Sore Throat Strep?

Is Your Sore Throat Strep? By Kristin Hayes, About. com Guide Updated October 06, 2009 About. com Healths malady and Condition content is reviewed by the Medical Review Board challenge Is Your Sore Throat Strep? It can be difficult to dictate if your rude(a) pharynx is strep or simply a stale computer virus. However, in most cases of strep throat there are virtually key differences. Answer The only way to know for sure if your sore throat is strep is to have a rapid strep interrogation or a throat culture.These tests must be performed at a physicians office, but lets face it you cant go running in to the doctor any time your throat gets a little scratchy. Characteristics of strep throat accept a severe sore throat that may cause hurt or difficulty swallowing. The back of the throat is usually very fierce and there may be white patches in the back of the throat or on the tonsils. The tonsils and lymph nodes also may be swollen. Some battalion get a fever. It is not uncomm on to be very jade and achy or to lose your appetite.In some cases you may get a rash. The biggest difference between strep throat and a cold virus is that strep throat usually does not cause runny nose, congestion, sneeze or coughing. All cases of strep throat must be hardened with an antibiotic to avoid serious complications including heart problems, kidney problems or Scarlett fever &8212 curiously in youngsterren. For these reasons, it is very important to see the doctor if you or your child have symptoms of strep throat.

Ai in Optical Character Recognition

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines. AI textbooks define the field of force as the study and design of intelligent agents where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success.In computer science, intelligent use recognition (ICR) is an advanced optical character recognition (OCR) or sooner more specific playscript recognition system that allows fonts and different styles of handwriting to be learned by a computer during doing to cleanse accuracy and recognition levels. Most ICR software has a self-learning system referred to as a aflutter network, which automatically updates the recognition database for new handwriting patterns.Because this mathematical process is involved in recognizing hand writing, accuracy levels may, in some circumstances, not be very good but can achieve 97%+ accuracy rates in get winding handwriting in incorporated forms. Often to achieve these high reco gnition rates several read engines are used deep down the software and each is given nonappointive voting rights to determine the true reading of characters. An Artificial Neural vane (ANN) is an information touch on icon that is exalt by the way biologic nervous systems, such as the brain, process information.The key element of this paradigm is the novel structure of the information touch on system. It is composed of a elephantine number of highly interconnected processing elements (neurones) working in conformity to solve specific problems Neural network recognizers learn from an initial image training set. The trained network then makes the character identifications. Each neural network uniquely learns the properties that differentiate training images.It then looks for similar properties in the target image to be identified. Neural networks are quick to apparatus however, they can be inaccurate if they learn properties that are not chief(prenominal) in the target data . Off-line handwriting recognition involves the automatic metempsychosis of text in an image into letter codes which are usable within computer and text-processing applications. The data obtained by this form is regarded as a nonoperational representation of handwritingOn-line handwriting recognition involves the automatic regeneration of text as it is written on a special digitizer or PDA, where a sensor picks up the pen-tip movements as well as pen-up/pen-down switching. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an information processing paradigm that is inspired by the way biological nervous systems, such as the brain, process information. The key element of this paradigm is the novel structure of the information processing system. It is composed of a large number of highly interconnected processing elements (neurones) working in unison to solve specific problems.

Capital Structure within Ford Essay

AbstractThe drive of this radical is to analyze hybridisation travel unions great(p) grammatical construction to understand the financial risks and companies financial make up. The research paper will also discuss the Modigliani and milling machine capital structure surmise including common criticisms. To understand crossroads profitability we will take a tightlipped look at their financial ratios including stock rates and future summary of the follows assets. Research was done by reading intelligence operation articles, online periodicals and stock references including get overs own annual reports and website. In conclusions we will understand the best structure for Ford drive Company and what should be done to get a line pass ond success within an ever changing industry.Overview of Ford push back CompanyHenry Ford founded Ford tug Company on June 16th, 1903 with several partners in Dearborn, Michigan. During the early years the association produced several vehi cles ranging from the present A in 1903 to The K, in 1907. The most notable of the Ford drive company vehicles is the Model T in 1909. Ford built everywhere 18,000 Model Ts in 1909, by 1912 they were producing everywhere 170,000 which inf on the wholeible a move to a larger plant. By this time Ford Motor Company was international and within the next few decades it would thrive overseas to include Austria, Argentina, Ireland and Australia to name a few. Henry Ford was in control of the company until his wife and daughter demanded that he give over control of the company to his grandson in 1943. Ford died in 1947, attracting over 7 million viewers at a national level. Ford Motor Company would go on to be the largest and most profitable companies in the world. They would ultimately own 5 other brands including Lincoln, Mercury, Land Rover, Jaguar, Volvo and Aston Martin, by 2008 all would be sold except Lincoln.Ford Motor Company jacket StructureIn 2012, pre-tax operating pr ofit excluding special items, was $8 billion, or $1.41 per share. Record results of $8.3 billion in brotherhood America, continued solid transaction from Ford Credit of $1.7 billion, positive results in South America, continued enthronisation in Asia peace-loving Africa and began a challenging transition in Europe. 2012 end with automotive gross cash of $24.3 billion, exceeding debt by $10 billion. A strong liquidity position of $34.5 billion, an ontogeny of $2.1 billion over 2011. With an fondness to the future, Ford continued the largest and fastest manufacturing expansion in much than 50 years, adding capacity to support yield plans in North America and Asia Pacific Africa. (Ford, 2012) Although Ford has debt of over $14 million they are still positioned to continue to be the top automotive maker in the US. Their debt can be attributed to the decision make by CEO Alan Mulallys decision to borrow $23.6 Billion in 2006 to avoid the recession and ultimately causing others t o require regimen assistance (Taylor, 2009). This decision has afforded Ford the room to make decisions to better their foodstuff share in the future.Business and Financial Risks at FordFord Motor Company has multiple revenue streams including Ford Motor Company as well as Ford Financial services. Ford Motor can be impacted not only by sparing recession or the publics review of American made vehicles including trucks that confine high gas mileage. With the current increasing gas prices Ford must ensure they are investing in the development of the toll and gas efficient vehicles within its portfolio. Fords decision to increase debt may have given them positive public relations but has put them in a difficult position with limited cash flow inevitable to continue to grow products. During 2011, global economic growth slowed to about 2.5% from 4% in 2010, as the worsening debt crisis in Europe, regime changes in North Africa, natural disasters in Japan and Thailand, and modera ting economic growth in several attain newly-developed and emerging commercializes all contributed to slow growth. Global growth in 2012 breatheed at the relatively low level of about 2.5% collectible to the European debt crisis, slowing of Chinese economic growth, and moderate pace of convalescence in the United States. During 2013, global economic growth is expected to remain in the 2% 3% range. The European debt crisis remains a key risk to economic growth. The current economic exertion in umpteen a(prenominal) European countries, particularly Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain, is being hampered by excessive government debt levels and the resulting reckon austerity measures that are contributing to weak economic growth. The EU, the European central Bank, and the International Monetary Fund have provided important support for many of these countries undergoing structural changes. During 2013, economic growth is likely to remain weak in these markets, even though financial markets have begun to stabilize. The U.K. government has implemented cypher cuts and tax increases that will depress growth, although the labor market has stabilized in recent months. Uncertainties associated with the European debt crisis, and policy responses to it, could impact global economic performance in 2013. (Yahoo, 2013)Below is the capital structure as of September 2013. truth is represented by the Orange equaling 20.5 Billion, with company debt of over 110 Billion.The Modigliani and Miller Theory of Capital StructureThe Modigliani and Miller theory of capital structure has two propositions 1) A firms total value is individual of its capital structure, and 2) the return on rightfulness will advance and the debt to equity ratio rises in order to compensate investors for the additional financial risk. The primary proposition relies on the assumptions that before tax-operating profits are not modify by capital structure neither are taxes themselves, and the firms capital structure wefts do not convey important reading to the market. What the Modigliani and Miller means to the Ford and its investors is that since the company was able to get a large amount of cash through taking on debt, to increase the value of the company it needs to use this capital to generate more revenue. Investors will not respond to a rise in the debt levels of the company until they become excessive, what will increase the value of the company is a rise in sales revenue. This is not to say that there is no contrary effects of the company taking more debt and the shareholders will not be any worse off as debt levels go up. There is well more risk as the company becomes more and more leveraged. This is the root for the back proposition to Modigliani and Millers theory, which says that as risk increases the investors expected return also rises to compensate for the additional exposure to risk. The second theorem is what dictates that Ford use its addition al capital to generate more income. Without a significant rise in demand for automobiles, Mulallys only choice was to shed assets that were costing too much money and take market share.Optimal Capital Structure at FordFord Motor Company has seen a large increase in their debt to equity ratio since their decision in 2006 to borrow against their assets. Currently they are seeing a decrease in that ratio to 5.4 as of Sept 2013. According to company disclosure Ford Motor Co has Debt to Equity of 5.4 times. This is 550.0% high than that of Consumer Goods sector, and 355.56% higher than that of Auto Manufacturers Major industry ( axis vertebra, 2014).Data for this Date RangeSept. 30, 20135.405June 30, 20135.624 marching music 31, 20136.102Dec. 31, 20126.588Sept. 30, 20124.586June 30, 20125.031March 31, 20126.051Dec. 31, 20116.620Sept. 30, 201115.06June 30, 201117.56March 31, 201139.71Dec. 31, 2010-147.79Sept. 30, 2010-65.94June 30, 2010-32.93March 31, 2010-23.84Dec. 31, 2009-16.36Sept. 30, 2009-15.29June 30, 2009-12.42March 31, 2009-8.303Referencesaxis, M. (2014). Ford Debt to Equity. Retrieved from macro axis http//www.macroaxis.com/invest/ratio/FDebt-to-Equity Ford. (2012). 2012 Annual Report. Retrieved from Corporate.ford.com http//corporate.ford.com/doc/ar2012-2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf Taylor III,A. (2009). Fixing Up FORD. (Cover story). Fortune, 159(11), 44-52. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Yahoo. (2013, Feb). Form 10-K for FORD MOTOR CO. Retrieved from Yahoo Finance http//biz.yahoo.com/e/130219/f10-k.html

Economic control Essay

Traditionally the reasons of the rules and regulations were to control human relations in an effort to make the behaviors of an different(prenominal) individuals known (Pennell, pp3). rules are also engaged to provide other purposes, these includes punishing offenders, providing loving economic control, banishing private retribution, deterring immoral acts and reflecting public opinions (Pennell, pp3). Conventionally prevention of crime was intended provide advice on defensive behaviors and security. On the other hand rightfulnesss are supposed to be malleable and should serve as a tool of fond engineer (Pennell, pp4).They are supposed to be transformed with arrival of new thoughts and societal changes. The human mightys and necessarily of victims of crime are essential aspects of abominable rightness frames, especially authorizedly, as the exits of victims confine emerged since seventies. Since 1970s, legal and emotional reactions of the nation stick changed dramati cally and currently much attention is world paid on revitalizing referee. There are many activities that are gather upd in revitalising justice (Pennell, pp6).In order to give an insight of the versatile forms that revitalising justice is taking and the activities that are bear ond this paper ordain cogitate on practices, origin context and limitations of restorative justice (Pennell, pp6). Victims Rights The current legal codes in federal government evolved from the conventional codes and attempts to define and subscribe to with brutal behaviors. The look of the codes is to focus on on the deviant behaviors of the criminals and they rarely focus on the victims and their needs. The primary focus of the law is to deter the criminal activities (Aldana-Pindell, pp45). some(prenominal) decades ago in spite of appearance the federal government when satisfaction for victim offenders was being set restorative justice did not exist within the criminal justice system (Brow n & adenylic acid Bunnell, pp87). Restorative justice has evolved currently within the criminal justice system in recent years following(a) philosophical writings of van ness and others. Various debates which take hold been held dupe facilitated the ontogenesis of processes within the restorative justice such as disturb panels, conferences, sentencing circle etc (Aldana-Pindell, pp45). Since 1970s several practices and programs check assisted to develop the restorative justice moments.Early practices for restorative justice were focusing on the mode rund meetings involving the offenders and the victims (Aldana-Pindell, pp46). As time went by the meetings were expanded and include friends and family members from the two secernateies. The meetings also included professionals and other individuals who had access of public resources. In recent years the system has paid much attention on the participation and involvement of members of the fellowship (Normandeau, pp34). In 1970s s ome practitioners and scholars believed that offenders are victims of social neglect, poor societies and racial, ethnical and gender discrimination.As a result the advocates of restorative justice pore to change the conditions in the prison, reduce incarceration practise and eliminate prison and jails as institutions (Normandeau, pp34). In this regard thither are some individuals who were pursuit to make a caring society instead of prisons and jails that would address the issues of victimizers and victims (Brown & Bunnell, pp92). The activists of caring communities brought the issue of interests of the victims in the criminal justice system in a progressive manner rather than focusing on the right of the victims (Meister, pp54).In 1970s and 1980s the population of people in the prisons in linked States was becoming progressively overcrowded and contributed to the use and popularity of intermediary sanctions (Aldana-Pindell, pp47). However, during this time restorative justic e and intermediation of victim offenders were not common within the criminal justice systems as alternatives. The establishment of boards of societal justice and centers for neighborhood justice in the federal government reflected their wishing to achieve more justice and this was characterized by public participation and casualness (Aldana-Pindell, pp49).These were new forms of resolution of conflicts in the late 1970s and they showed a developing disenchantment which involved ladder procedures of adjudication and finding facts in accordance to adherence to strict legal principles. On the other hand the systems in resolution of conflicts placed much importance on negotiation, agreements betwixt the disputants and placed slight importance on the bureau of legal professionals (Aldana-Pindell, pp49). In mid 1970s reconciliation programs in the United States were introduced for victim offenders.These programs were based on the principles of Mennonite that focuses on dialogue and exchange (Marshall, pp20). balancing programs involved offenders and crime victims meetings after being sentenced and included impartial one-third party. Reconciliation programs for offenders and victims aimed at restoring good relationship that is supposed to exist between the parties. The proponents of these programs were focusing to establish a good working relationship and use of principles of religious institutions and also as an option to incarceration (Marshall, pp21).In the rate 1970s advocates and the victims increasingly centre on mediation rather than reconciliation programs for offenders and victims interactions. However, the model of the mediation program was similar to models of reconciliation program, although additional individuals bear on by the differences would be involved in the meeting, especially when addressing serious crimes (Meister, pp57). intermediation programs for offenders and victims were real in western part of Europe, Scandinavia and England in the end of 1970s and premature 1980s, and were use primarily to cross justice cases for the youths.Since 1980s the programs hold up shown a significant growth in the United States and other nations (Marshall, pp22). forward voices and conservatives suggest that victims of crimes do not have the voice in the criminal justice system. In late 1970s and early 1980s activists of feminists and social scholars of legal doctrines paid more attention on making courts and law enforcement officers to be accountable to children and women who may be physically or sexually abused (Marshall, pp22). The groups that advocated for victims right focused on compensation for crime in the processes of courts, using formal voice and on safety of the society.In early 1980s Reagan organization released a report of task force on victims of crimes that facilitated the development of groups that advocated for the rights of the victims. Since mid-nineties there is a tremendous growth of alliances between gr oups that focuses on the reforms of criminal justice and victim support. This tremendous growth has been as a result of realizing the common interests among the offenders and victims based groups (Anwander, pp71). In 1980s untried Zealand government started reassessing Waitangi treaty focusing on the implications of the relationship between the whites i.e. Pakeha and indigenous people the Maori. In 1986 a report that was prepared by ministers recommended for geomorphological changes in the practices and policies of the government towards the indigenous people (Marshall, pp24). In 1989 the administration had bulky structural changes in the way matters regarding family well-being and justice for the youths was handled. originally establishment of these changes indigenous people were overrepresented in prisons and jails and decision making processes were dominated by the whites (Meister, pp58).These structural changes employed in youth justice can be used in various juvenile off enses, but mostly they are used in serious cases and minor cases solved trough diversions of police. Family eudaimonia and youth justice programs are different from offenders and victim reconciliation and mediation programs since they involve more company members in the discussion of the offense, pay more attention on participation of the family and recognize more victimized individuals. Family wellbeing and youth justice programs also reduce the intervention of the state and changes the roles of professionals in problem solving (Marshall, pp26).Youth justice and family welfare programs were introduced first in Australia in late 1991 and formed part of law enforcement operations that focused on one jurisdiction. Conferences run by the police were also introduced in the capital city of Australia and later on the northern states (Meister, pp59). In late 1993 and early 1994, conferences for handling juvenile cases were introduced in the southern and western part of Australia and the y were involving non professional police to run the conference.In Queensland and south wale conferences to handle juvenile cases, have been recently introduced and they are mostly employed in Queensland schools (Meister, pp59). Circles of sentencing were established in Canada in 1980s, and were the fist groups of the nation to respond to offenders (Marshall, pp26). The aim and objectives of circles of sentencing are resolution of conflicts, restoring harmony and order, and healing of offenders, victims and family (Anwander, pp73).Circles of sentencing involves processes of consensus and includes all the victims of crimes and families of the victims, their next of kin, and community members in order to respond to the behavior and formulate sanctions that addresses all the needs of those involved. Circles of sentencing are currently being used in United States and in Canada by non indigenous groups that include blacks in Minnesota. Since 1980s, there are other practices which have eme rged and use the principles of restorative justice (Marshall, pp27).Compensation boards in Vermont involve the members of the community and design penalties for offenders of juvenile. These penalties involve service of the community and rarely involve offender and victim mediation. The meetings do not involve the victims (Anwander, pp76). Panels of victim violation have also been introduced by mothers and focuses on drunk driving. The panels give a room for the victims and the members of the family to give their suggestions about the impact of driving when drunkard to the offenders who have been ordered by the court to attend.However, these panels for victims are different from most of the processes of restorative justice, since they do not employ voluntary attendance (Marshall, pp29). On the other hand they have an important element of bringing contact of offenders and victims in the process, which lacks in traditional proceedings of criminal justice. These panels are employed ext ensively across the United States. On the other hand research and theories have contributed to the development of restorative justice.In 1970s scholars of social and legal doctrines developed several theories focusing on formal and informal justice. Theoretical and empirical studies of formal and indformal justice which have been conducted in industrialized countries and in less developed countries suggest that, it took less one decade to change optimism for pessimism. With emergence of theories and research disillusionment had already set in by 1990s (Marshall, pp30). In late 1970s and early 1980s there were arguments from the criminologists in Netherlands, Norway and from elsewhere to abolish prisons.During this time the activists paid more attention on decarceration and alternatives to jails and prisons. However, currently there are few individuals who would argue for complete abolishment of prisons although few people argue for their minimal use (Marshall, pp31). In 1996 there was an international conference to address penal abolition held in advanced Zealand and supported resolutions and discussions to facilitate restorative justice. Scholars have also attempted to focus on the merits of informal methods that can be applied in social set ups to regulate order in the society (Marshall, pp31).This involves reintegrative shaming in repartee to a crime that may be integrative and not stigmatizing. These ideas have been employed in conferencing models such as in wagga, in Australia. Before the wagga conference these ideas were not included in youth justice and family welfare programs and they did not form part of many conference held across the globe. The unify states are currently employing the wagga model, although there are some arguments on the issue of shame and whether it should be the central issue in processes of conferencing (Marshall, pp32).

History of Modern Philosophy Essay

1- How, and with what success, does Hume deal with the appargonnt anomaly of the miss trace of blue?In A Treatise of Hu humans Nature, Hume blast to resign 18th century moral philosophy of what he considered to be nonmeaningful and vacuous concepts underlying our theory of cognizeledge be it metaphysical line of reasonings or hypotheses seemingly formulated from the mere imagination of m whatever(prenominal) philosophers. Influenced by the uphill trend of empiricism and naturalistic science kindred Newton and Locke, which Hume owed much(prenominal) of his basic principles from Hume presented the Treatise as an attempt to introduce experimental methods of reasoning into the orbit of moral philosophy. In the origin book of the Treatise, entitled Of the Understanding, Hume devoted the initiative part Of the Origin of our Ideas for explaining the basis of his philosophical system that appeals on the corresponding empiricist approach as that of Lockes.However, curiousl y, Hume had cited an explicit yield-argument the distract of miss weirdy of blue that could invalidate his whole philosophical system that is based on this primaeval principle. Even more puzzling is Humes complacency with this hassle, and although he considers the bother as singular and exceptional, he spaciousy admitted to this reverberation example and did non try to resolve it. Yet, this face merits a deeper investigation, and it is this essays attempt to see whether his apparent complacency with the abstracted step of blue would accommodate any effect on the strength of his philosophical system, and other attempts to engender this problem irrelevant.The problem of the absent fill in of blue by Hume is as follows suppose a man who is rise up acquainted with people of twines for xxx years and has seen every(prenominal) the colours in the set of possible colour spectrum, except for champion limited shade of blue. Then, he is presented with a full spectrum of the shades of blue, from the darkest shade to the darkest, all except the one particular shade in which he has not yet encountered. It is past conceivable that this man would be able to produce this single missing shade of blue. The problem of this lies in the basis of the empiricist philosophy at which Hume is following, namely, that all compositions must be preceded by experience, yet, in this example, it is demonstrated that it is possible for an idea to precede protagonist experience, as the man is able to produce the idea of the missing shade of blue without having first encountered it through his senses.At this point, I would like to voluptuary more on Humes theory of mind and the origin of ideas as that would clarify why this example is so damaging to Humes system. As stated to begin with, Humes project kitty be put into a general label of empiricism, which is a belief that all knowledge comes from experience. a good deal of his line of argument resembles that of L ockes, another prominent empiricist. Hume counterbalance borrowed Lockes tombstone borderinology to a certain extent, with terms like ideas and pictorial matters.Locke believes that ideas are any(prenominal) the mind perceives in itself, or is in the immediate object of perception, thought, or understanding, as when one perceives, forecasts, or understands, the ideas are before the mind. This limits all ideas to be originated from experience (perception), and also shows the connection between thought and perception and their alike(p) nature. The ideas can be divided into ideas of sensation (touch, smell, aspect, etc.) and ideas of reflection (fear, happiness, sadness, etc.), which can hence be separated further into elementary and complex ideas, where complex ideas are derived from simple ones.Hume follows this line of argument with some modifications. He claims he restores the term ideas to its original sense by classifying the objects the mind is perceiving as perceptions , not direct as ideas as Locke confound used, and from perceptions he then distinguished them into impressions and ideas, where they discord in degree, as impressions are more vivid and forceful before the mind, such when sees a colour, and the ideas are more faint, such when one thinks of a colour after having the impressions of it.Hume then induces the distinction of simple and complex ideas, and by introspection, Hume demonstrates that one can think of any simple ideas and then remark corresponding simple impressions that are exact copies of each other, and one can do this with any conceivable simple ideas. Complex ideas are varied in that they are composites of simple ideas.And with this experiment in introspection, Hume then postulates his first dissertation, That all our simple ideas in their first appearance are derivd from simple impressions, which are correspondent to them, and which they exactly represent. We whitethorn call this the reduplicate Principle, as it si mply states that every simple idea is a model of a corresponding impression.One of the most important components of this thesis is the point that its a heritable one in that it shows the origin of ideas as following from impressions as impressions to be the cause of ideas. Again, this is proved by the perpetual conjunction of simple impressions preceding simple ideas, which one can do to every simple idea one may have. Another actualize Hume gives is that of a man born defective of certain perceptive organs, hence, missing certain impressions (e.g. sight or sound), one would not have any ideas of those corresponded with the impressions, for it is evident that deaf people also have great trouble speaking. The genetic component is important in that they validate the empiricism doctrine on the reliance of experience.Anyhow, now we can see how the problem seems to beat the purpose of this thesis. Moreover, a counter example, from a logical standpoint, one counter example is suff icient to turn an argument invalid. So why did Hume not deal with this problem?We may try to take it as Hume claimed the problem to be a singular case where it is not worth expend time on. Being a singular case, one may have to take the argument in closer inspection. Hume states explicitly that the man in question may have enjoyed the sights for thirty years and perfectly well acquainted with all the possible colours except one, and that may be the attempt by him to restrict this to some specific scenario.It is implicitly insert in the counter example that the field of study of this example must be well acquainted with all the colours, such that one can make up colours in ones mind, much like how only musicians of a certain skill level can sight read music. Thus, it appeals to some amount of experience such that one may be bound to experience, habits, or personal background. Yet, when given further consideration, this seems to be invalid as well, as these restrictions do not see m to hold. As far as experience go, a child who does not know what turquoise mean does not necessarily have an idea of the colour turquoise.So this case is certainly not an exceptional case and Hume had not dealt with it satisfactorily. Yet, Humean scholars have tried to find solutions for this problem and some even disregard it as a problem altogether.Firstly, the first objection to this counter argument is that there is no way to test whether the person in question does in fact have an idea of the missing shade of blue before seeing the missing shade or not. there is a great difference between existence able to seat a missing spot in a comp permite spectrum of blue, and being able to produce an idea of the shade of blue without first encountering the impression of it.If ones sees a constant change in shade from, lets say blue-0 where it is darkest to blue-255 where it is the wakefulest shade, then if there is one shade of blue missing, it would be quite noticeable as the mind notices the jump in stepwise and constant change, precisely it does not follow that one could create an idea of that missing shade. To test this is also impossible, as if one is to reproduce colour, it ease does not follow that he produces the idea since he would only be mixing the existing colours to brighter shades, and thus, after finishing mixing the colour, one then has the idea of the colour following the impression. All other shipway of testing is equally futile because they all involve exposing the subject to the missing impression one way or another.Alternatively, if we look at the thesis again, and instead of taking it as a genetic form of the argument that Hume meant it to be, and instead, modifies it close to to a more analytical empiricism form. Humes thesis on the theory of mind, upon closer inspection, can be taken as a form of meaning empiricism, in the sense that ideas to him are the same as different thoughts, which are different kinds of concepts, which is li nked to when one understands something in a linguistic sense one is linking the word with the meaning, or the concepts associated to the word.Hence, if we think of the initial genetic content of the thesis, that impressions strictly precedes ideas, we may relax it slightly in favour of the analogy to meaning empiricism and forget its genetic form and instead formulate the following thesis that all simple ideas must have corresponding conceivable and encounterable impressions. By doing this, we are no longer faced with the problem of the missing shade, since it is perfectly possible that the subject would be able to encounter this particular shade.Lastly, from a personal view, I see the problem of the missing shade of blue as not a problem at all, but Humes mistake lies in classifying colours as simple ideas. It is true that the impressions of light blue baron very well be different than dark blue, so to speak, but to use Humes method, it is possible to separate using our imaginatio n the components light and dark from blue. Thus, it is the impression of blueness which is a simple impression, feature with the impression of light and absent of light that combine to give this great deal of shades of colours. Take this example, suppose some neutral shade of blue, lets number it blue 124, were put somewhere with light, you will be able to see blue 124.However, lets say for some reason, the room becomes lighter, certainly, the shade of blue 124 would have changed to some lighter shade of mayhap blue 200. If we vary the light in the room from darkest to lightest, it is then possible to observe from the darkest to the lightest shade of blue likewise. One may surround that the colour can be calibrated to some objective criteria, perhaps the ratio of pigments of colour blue of some sort, yet, that does not matter since all that matters to Hume is indeed only impression. Furthermore, using this example, we can also say that perhaps the subject of the experiment may h ave in fact encountered the particular shade of blue sometime before without acknowledging it.Conclusively, although Humes treatment of the missing shade of blue is very limited and very complacent, it is perhaps Humes own mistake for considering such example a problem, kinda than the problem itself being a threat to his theory of origins of ideas.

Dunkin’ Donuts Essay

In the competitive world of the chocolate industry and any industry for that function its crucial for companies to have a clear understanding of what they do better, and where they can be the best. Dunkin Donuts has defined its strategic heartbeat as the everyday, blowzy drinking chocolate stop that inspires rituals that revive. In other words, Dunkin Donuts provides viands and drink thats extravagant, fresh, and affordable for busy people, leading busy lives. These days there is an unthinkable interest across the country in premium deep brown. The average consumer is straight focus demanding what Dunkin roducts served fresher and faster than ever before.Dunkin Donuts is well positioned for the future. Taken together, Dunkin Donuts entrepreneurial vexation model, its culture, and the strength of its brands and menu purportings promise a strong future of favored growth. Dunkin Donuts is well known by generations and loved by a exploitation number of customers around the world. Dunkin Donuts is dedicated to providing delicious food and beverages to its customers and goes to great lengths to crack however the finest ingredients are used in its recipes including its espresso beverages.To that end, all Dunkin Donuts espresso beans are join Trade Certified. Dunkin Donuts was the first guinea pig brand to sell espresso beverages made only if with Fair Trade Certified drinking chocolate. Through Fair Trade, farmers and their families are earning a better income for their hard blend, allowing them to hold onto their land, occur their children in school, and invest in the quality of their harvest. victimization the most stringent standards in the coffee industry, Dunkin Donuts selects only the finest, high-quality beans to brace its espresso blend.At the same time, Dunkin Donuts is working to aid the farmers who grow those beans. elfin farmers in lesser-developed countries grow much of the worlds coffee. Without direct rise to power to int ernational markets or the business capacity necessary to compete in the global marketplace, the Fair Trade model allows farmers to receive a decent price for their coffee bean crop. The history of Dunkin Donuts circles back more than 55 years when Bill Rosenberg founded the fellowship in 1950 and opened the first remembering in Quincy, Massachusetts.Back then, Bill had a simple philosophy form and serve the freshest, most delicious coffee and donuts quickly and courteously in modern, well-merchandised stores. That philosophy still holds true today and is the foundation that has enabled Dunkin Donuts to grow to be the largest coffee and baked goods chemical chain in the world. Dunkin Donuts offers more than a xii coffee beverages, donuts, bagels, muffins, breakfast sandwiches, and other baked goods. Currently, Dunkin Donuts has more than 7,200 shops in 34 countries worldwide.Dunkin Donuts has been serving highquality coffee for more than 55 years. Today, Dunkin Donuts is the S tatess largest retailer of coffee by the cup, serving around Donuts has been providing for over 50 years. Dunkin Donuts standards for coffee excellence are among the highest in the United States, which is no easy feat. Producing coffee takes more steps than producing wine, and Dunkin Donuts coffee experts travel around the globe to regard quality at each(prenominal) step. Recently, Dunkin Donuts identified a stark naked eatery category called Quick Quality. This represents a promise of fresh food fast and a higher evolution of the standard quick-service experience.Dunkin Donuts wanted to make a more meaningful promise to deliver on the value overture consumers expect, and then some a promise to offer fresh food, fast, and to offer more choices, served quickly, in a quality way. That means lots of innovative new 30 1 billion cups of brewed coffee each year. Using only 100 percent Arabica coffee beans, Dunkin Donuts offers a milder roast coffee that is milled specifically for th e company and is recognized by the industry as a superior grade of coffee.In addition to serving the best coffee in America, Dunkin Donuts is expanding its menu to include a wider eye socket of snacks and onthe-go, delicious, quality products that provide appeal to an increasingly busy consumer market. This platform will feature products that move beyond the breakfast hour in an cause to keep timestrapped people fueled and ready to face the challenges of the day morning, noon, and night. to the highest degree recently, Dunkin Donuts introduced Smoothies to its popular beverage and snack menu.Made from yogurt and real fruit, Dunkin Donuts Smoothies are available in juicy Wildberry, luscious Mango Passion Fruit, liquid Strawberry Banana, and exotic Tropical Fruit, and are an excellent source of Vitamin C and calcium. To secure and sustain Dunkin Donuts leadership position as Americas largest retailer of coffee-bythe-cup, the company has begun an aggressive national expansion pla n that will ultimately triple Dunkin Donuts to 15,000 stores throughout the country by 2020.Initial cities targeted for Dunkin Donuts national expansion include Atlanta, Nashville, Indianapolis, Dallas, Austin, Phoenix, and Las Vegas. In 2005, Dunkin Donuts unveiled a new ideal restaurant. The design, reminiscent of company roots that date over 55 years, is coupled with contemporary features to give Dunkin Donuts a new, modernized appearance. The new restaurant standard features advanced equipment to meet the demands of todays busy customers seeking fast, fresh, affordable, highquality food and beverage choices quicker and better than ever before, resulting in an improved overall in-store and drive-thru experience.A new, innovative menu that moves Dunkin Donuts beyond breakfast complements the store design. The new menu is part of Dunkin Brands efforts to raise the bar on the quality and categorization of foods available at Dunkin Donuts and to change expectations about what is possible in a quick-service meal, whether in their restaurant or on the go. Perhaps the most noteworthy of Dunkin Donuts advertising came in the form of the character Fred the baker. Throughout the 1980s Fred the Baker was synonymous with Dunkin Donuts. The advertising campaign one of the most beloved ad campaigns in recent history featured Michael Vale as Fred Dunkin Donuts devoted, asleep(predicate) doughnut maker who woke up each morning with the mantra, Time to make the donuts. Fred became a character that struck a chord with most Americans he was a hard-working man dedicated to his job regardless of the time or the weather. Fred the Baker was featured for 15 years until he retired in 1997.In 2006, Dunkin Donuts unveiled a new advertising campaign that revolutionizes the brands position by focusing on how Dunkin Donuts keeps busy Americans fueled and on the go. The campaign is a fun and often quirky celebration of tone, wake Americans embracing their work, their play, a nd everything in between accompanied every step of the way by Dunkin Donuts. The launch of America Runs on Dunkin marked the most substantial repositioning effort in the companys 55-year history.The campaign comes to feeling through a set of interactive icons that represent the campaign tagline, America Runs on Dunkin. The icons help to drive the concept that Dunkin Donuts freshly made coffee and baked goods energize Americans from all walks of life so they can keep the country running on their dedicated hard work and corroborative outlooks. Dunkin Donuts customers are passionate about their Dunkin Donuts experience, which for millions of customers is an everyday ritual.The company recently conducted a study where customers were asked to go without Dunkin Donuts coffee for one week. The results showed that people felt life was harder, that their day lacked order without Dunkin Donuts coffee, and that competitors couldnt fill the social and emotional regard they get from a daily visit to a Dunkin Donuts store. People who work for Dunkin Donuts have a passion for what they do. And thats because three years ago Dunkin Donuts located the passion of the company the strategic heartbeat which is the thing that the company does best.For example, Dunkin Donuts defined the strategic heartbeat of the company as the everyday, easy coffee stop that, by serving the best-tasting coffee, inspires rituals that revive. Dunkin Donuts is the No. 1 retailer of live(a) and iced coffee in America, selling 2. 7 million cups a day, and nearly 1 billion cups a year. Dunkin Donuts is also the largest coffee and baked goods chain in the world and sells more donuts, coffee, bagels, and muffins than any other quick-service restaurant in America. On an average day, Dunkin Donuts sells more than 30 cups of freshly brewed coffee each second. r As part of the companys commitment to pass consumers more choices without compromising quality, Dunkin Donuts has assembled a new culinary te am, a scorecard of skilled and honored chefs and are using their talent and experience to stool new and innovative menu choices for customers. The Culinary Teams accusation is to provide Dunkin Donuts customers with the besttasting, most creative menu items that are fast, fresh, and affordable.

Character of Three Mistakes of Mu Life

Govind Govind Patel is an ordinary guy with whom bothbody can relate. He has really few desires but he is obsessed with the desires he covets. His main ambition is to become a businessman as he thinks that being a Gujarati, business is in his blood. His crush friends ar Omi and Ish (Ishan). Govind is an agnostic. His father has abandoned him and his mother, who runs a business of selling home-made food items. To support her financially, he takes mathematics tuitions. He continues these tuitions even after pioneering the play shop business.He is the storyteller of this story and the one who makes the Three Mistakes. During the course of the story he falls in love with Vidya, Ishans younger sister for whom he is a unavowed tutor. Govind is the one who looks after the financial lineament of the business as he has good business sense and mathematical skills. Ishaan He is a orotund cricket freak and also a patriot at knocker. Ishan has been the best cricketer in his locality a nd school. He suggests the name of their business as aggroup India Cricket Shop.He helps Govinds business by organising daily cricket coaching camps. He has a family which makes life situation by keeping quiet. He has a younger sister, Vidya, some(predicate) whom he is quite protective. When he discovers that a boy called Ali is a very talented batsman, he decides to go any length to give Ali proper training. Ishan usually looks after day-after-day shop activities as he has genuine interest in any cricket-related thing. Omi He is the news of the Hindoo priest of the local temple. His family enjoys great adore among the people.Through Omis parents and maternalistic uncle (who own few shops as a part of the temple trust property), they readily get a place to start their business. He is a rather dumb kind of boy and has non many dreams, but manages to concentrate on having a healthy body. However, he resents growing up and being a saint like his father. He is a religious per son and actively takes part in his maternal uncles (Bit as well as momma) religious politics. He is however confused about his religious views which are mainly influenced by Bittoo Mama. Vidya She is Ishans younger sister.She is a rebel at heart and dreams to break free from the constraints of a typical middle-class family and society, to go toMumbai, do a course in PR and become independent. She however despises math which is required for her medical entrance exams. Hence, Ish asks Govind to take her mathematics tuition. However, in amidst their tuition they fall in love, have intimate sexual relations, which is impossible by anyone. Only Omi figures out the relationship Govind and Vidya share and also reminds Govind about the consequences of Ish getting to know about it.Ali One of the students in Ishs coaching classes and a great batsman because of a rare natures gift. However, he doesnt play too much cricket as he gets tired really quick and enjoys playing marbles. He is a M uslim boy and respects Ish like a Guru. He too, like Ish is patriotic at heart. He denies the proffer of Australian scholarship and wants to play in the Indian side. Bittoo Mama He is the maternal uncle of Omi. Mama runs the trust of the temple and agrees to rent the place to the ternion friends for the Cricket Shop business. He is an active member of a Hindu political Party.He follows the preachings of Parekh-ji, a political-cum-spiritual leader and has complete faith in him. He has locked his horns with Alis father who belongs to the Secular Party. He has a son Dhiraj. Mama is not fond of Govind as he is an agnostic. He is the mainantagonist of the story. Govinds mom Gujarati woman. She wants her son to pursue a degree in Engineering. She runs a home-made food business. She cares about Govind a lot and supports him well through his hardships and struggles. Alis Father He is a devout Muslim and works for a secular party.He is a very kind-hearted person who wants Ali to take his e ducation seriously despite his ordinary financial condition. He treats the triad friends very well when they go to confab Ali in his house. Overall he is a good person. Fred Li Hes an Australian Cricket Team member and a fast bowler. He invites the three friends and Ali to Sydney when they travel to Goa to see India-AustraliaOne Day International and meet him in the stands. He spots talent in Ali and wants to help him getting a lay on the line to be trained in his academy in Australia. Loosely ground on Brett Lee

Ethical Lens Inventory Reflection Essay

My personal ethical lens is Rights-responsibility and results lens. The morality game defines this lens as I balance rationality and my cognition to decide how to complete tasks for the best of an individual. ethical lens report www.ethicsgame.com The results of the Ethical Lens Inventory (ELI) state my strengths as making choices for the greater vertical of e very(prenominal)one involved. I make it priority that each persons rights argon protected to assure everyone in the community is treated fairly. My opinion of ethical behavior is a person who does their job and does the right this as an individual. meat by making the right choice as an individual you stinker make several people happy at one time. When puzzle puzzle out I analyze the problem thoroughly. I similarly progeny in considerations all options that be available to effectively solve the problem. later completing the research of unexampled teaching I also stay fresh in mind things that have worked for me in the past. I incorporate refreshful information and my past experiences to solve the situation at hand. My weaknesses atomic number 18 delineate as believing that my best is good enough. I look as though I am content as long as I have succeeded. I wad sometimes catch inconvenience oneself and pain unintentionally because of this. A nonher weakness is thinking because individual does not do things my way that it is not being done properly. I angle to become narrow minded. The ELI states I can become judgmental. It also states I may hold to high of expectations for those around me, and I can be an overachiever. It also said I should be careful not to cause failure for myself but putting too much on my plate. many another(prenominal) another(prenominal) of my weaknesses can be very hurtful, and I need to be very aware(predicate) of them. The ELI defines my blind spot as Belief that motive justifies rule or your own good is good.I sometimes fail to be accountable for those who are depending on me. I become complacent once I have satisfied my own needs, leaving others to fend for their own. I can honestly say I strongly disagree with this information provided. I do not feel that others cannot depend on me. I am unceasingly the one helping everyone in a impress situation. I hold myself accountable flush when others do not. According to the ELI my uncorrupted values are temperance and prudence. I value balance and ascendence in the desire for pleasure. I offer wisdom in areas I am knowledgeable and foresight as I am enlightened. I puzzle out optimism, imagination, and entrepreneurship to the table. I feel that this does describe me. I try to always keep an open mind. I love taking in new and fresh idea and strive for success in everything I do. My behaviors are described as following the rules individually while keeping others in mind also. I do what is expected and defined as right.I also try to keep others feelings in consideration so not t o cause upset. I found this a bit contradictory to my weaknesses defined above. The ELI has made me aware of a few things that could potentially become heartbreaking issues if not focused on. It stated my vice was judgmental or greedy. If this were to evidence itself I could potentially seriously hurt a persons feelings. I did not notice that for some individuals I hold super high expectations until review the results of the ELI. I have now become aware of this and trying to keep my expectations at a reasonable level. I also have to keep in mind that just because my way does work, someone else can reach the same(p) result I do even if they do not do it my way. The ELI influences critical thinking in many different ways.Depending on where you fell in the lens you could be, like me, autonomous. You do what is right and what is best for you but also for the greater good of everyone. minute thinking is to ask questions, do not take everything at reflexion value, consider multiple points of view, and then draw a conclusion. I feel ethics can be very personal and emotional. Ethics are something that I feel are taught at a very teen age and are groomed throughout life. I feel the same about critical thinking. Critical thinking is a problem solving tool and ethics are how we solve that problem logically. The simplicity of critical thinking breaks down once you involve emotions or personal biases involved. It can hinder a person from seeking multiple points of view. The ELI states that I am rational so I hope this never becomes an issue for me. I found the ELI very enlightening. After review and researching I cannot say I totally agree with everything stated. I will be aware of the things it did bring to my attention and try to be sure to keep them at bay.

Air Asia Background

ALBUKHARY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY establishment STUDIES PROGRAMME 2011-2012 ALBUKHARY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION STUDIES PROGRAMME 2011-2012 Assessment Task Team Project (10%) Type of perspicacity Four persons in a team Starting Date workweek 5Ending Date Week 10 Learning Outcome tested 1. LO1 formulate the difference between data and information, the economics and problems associated with information. 2. LO2 Distinguish between varied types of technologies for acquiring , processing, storing, disseminating and communication data or information 3.LO3 Discuss the sundry(a) types of information arrangements that are in use by various presidencys. appointee Specification and Requirements Currently, most of the governments are prefer using Information organisation (IS) to organize and coordinate their data, Information and records. Information System is present to domiciliate the organizational activities. IS providing organizations with advantages as follow * a llow organization to increase commercialise share/profit to offend negotiate with suppliers, to compete with competitors * help in managing/keeping records, organizing information, analyzing data * help in make a better decision Assume that you work as a Manager at IT Department in your organization and you plan to implement new organisation for organization/department. The purposes of introducing a new system are to achieve organization needs and to improve performance of the organization. Requirements As a Manager at IT Department, you need to prepare a report to the top management.The report is to declare oneself/advice the top management virtually IS. The report should consist of 1) Cover rapscallion with project title, subject name and code, student names and ID 2) Report should be in 10/15 pages 3) Includes table of contents and references 4) Computer-typed report The contents of your report should be as follow 1. 0 Introduction 2. 1 Information/Background of Organizati on 2. 2 Business Strategy 2. 0 IT Architecture 3. 3 Current method used in organization 3. 4 Explain why you need Information System in Organization 3. Describe the structure of IS 3. 0 IT infrastructure 4. 6 position IT components used to create and build IS 4. 7. 1 Hardware 4. 7. 2 package 4. 0 IT Personnel 5. 7 Staff involve in IT alkali (e. g. IT Officer, Programmer, System Analyst, System Developer, IT Technician) 5. 8 Explain Roles and responsibility of IT Personnel 5. 0 IT Services (system used in organization) 6. 9 Detail Description about system 6. 10 Explain the function and services provided by the system 6. 0 Estimated Cost

Gates of Fire Book Report

Gates Of fervidness Book Report Title Gates Of Fire LCpl Yaccarine A. J bed Author Steven Pressfield Publisher Turtleback Books Published 1999 This nurse is about the Spartans warrior culture and how it ties into the naval army corps values, and the present day warrior culture of our naval Corps. My opinion on this tidings is that it is a great and interesting read that captures the attention of the lecturer and ties in ide aloney to our naval Corps values. It depicts perfectly on what it is to be a warrior whether it is past, present, or future.I think that e truly Marine should read this book or at least look into the history of the Spartans and their dedication to their counsel of life and culture of war fighting. I strongly believe the book should remain on the Commandants reading list. Introduction My book report is on Gates of Fire by Steven Pressfield. He was a prior Marine leaving the Marine Corps in 1966, he was inspired to preserve this book based of the resemblan ce he saw with the Marines he served with and the ones he met presently and the warrior culture of the Spartans.His book has been taught in multiple places of military conditional relation including the Marine Corps Basic School at Quantico, and it is added to the curriculum of the marine War College. The book itself is about the legendary battle of Thermopylae and the common chord hundred Spartans who fought that battle knowing that the outcome was certain death. When reading the book you can clearly tell the levels of Honor, Cour mount up, and Commit manpowert these workforce had, and how they were giveing to move over everything for their homeland.After reading this book readers will clearly see how the author install the link between the Spartans, and the Marine Corps. Body The book starts off describing the very basics of the Spartan culture, what makes them Spartans, how they be made, and the trials they had to face to earn their place amongst the otherwise Spartans. When Spartans are born from the day of birth they are inspected, the ones who seem listless or unfit are killed to preserve the warrior culture. From a early age the children are readn away from their parents and put through a serial publication of trials, one of which is to kill a slave.At a young age the children are already forced to kill, steal, and survive in a merciless milieu that in the future will give them the mental fortitude to be amongst the greatest warriors known to history. At the age of eighteen they are thrown and twisted into the wilderness to fend for themselves, with nothing scarcely will they must do this, and if they can make it back to their society they will be official Spartans. The main character of the book King Leonidas is the one who ultimately decides to take his warriors to the Gates of Fire to delay the Persian army of King Xerxes as long as potential.He selects three hundred of his finest Spartans and departs knowing very sanitary that they wil l not return. This is where the Spartan culture ties into that of the Marine Corps, King Leonidas and his men had the courage to go face overwhelming odds knowing that the chances of selection were slim if even there. Given opportunities of surrender or retreat the Spartans denied them choosing sooner to die and give Sparta as a lot time as possible then to save their own defys.This can relate to the present Marine Corps in many ways, it is well known that the Marine Corps fights and wins battles, and that we do not surrender we win or we die that is what is pass judgment of us. Just as the Spartans did in ancient Greece we have upheld those basics of a warrior culture even when others have not, and that sets us apart from other services, be arrange we live by those values. Sometime during the battle King Xerxes seeing the prowess of the Spartans, and their capacity for war sought to make a truce with King Leonidas.Promising wealth, and advantage Xerxes attempted to bribe Leon idas to join him telling him he could have it all if he would simply kneel before him. Leonidas quickly refused the offer, of power and told Xerxes that they will continue to fight. Outraged by this Xerxes sent curl up after wave of his men into the Spartan formation. Leonidas had honor in his actions, doing the right thing, overlooking in-person gain, and staying faithful to Sparta and his men. With the Marine Corps value of honor, we as Marines also do these things.With espirit de corps, and a unswerving loyalty to our country we have always been looked upon to do the right thing even when others will not. Even our motto Semper Fidelis is our prefigure to upkeep that honor. In the end of the book the Spartans end up macrocosm surrounded, their flanks taken and completely out numbered Xerxes asks Leonidas one last time if he will kneel. In one last act of defiance Leonidas and his men make a final stand and a attempt on Xerxes life full well knowing that there was no escaping a certain death.Their commitment to their cause was unwavering believing fully in what they fought for they were committed to the point of willfully fully grown up their lives for their cause and they did so with pride. This one final act ties into how the Marine Corps is very much like the Spartans of old as the showed that final value that is used by our own warrior culture daily. Marines signing a contract many of them giving up four years if not more of their life fully committed to something they believe in. With many others giving up their lives for a cause that they truly believe in.Conclusion Overall I think this book was great, it showed a clear link on our warrior culture, and the warrior culture of the Spartans. It showed that our Corps values are the values of a warrior culture and it was shown through one of the most notorious warrior cultures in history. It not only was a entertaining read but it taught valuable lessons, and gave a understanding of what it means to be a warrior and what is evaluate of warriors, and like the Spartans the Marine Corps using those values as a base will allow our actions to echo through out eternity. jot X___________________________________

John Locke Biography Essay

John Locke was inherent on August 29, 1632, in Wrington, Somerset, England. He went to the University of Oxford, where he studied medicine. by and by college he became a philosopher writing and speaking on topics, such as political philosophy. His father was a country lawyer and was in the military, he served as a captain during the English civil war. John Locke was champion of the Whig servingy founders, this party pushed for constitutional monarchism. He in like manner wrote two books that were make in England Two Treaties of Government and his Letter Concerning.Toleration while he was in exile in Holland, due to a failed assassination try on King Charles II and his brother. Two Treatises of Government showed his revolutionary ideas fixing the natural rights of man and the social contract. Both of these concepts stirred waves in England, and impacted the clever underpinnings that formed the later Ameri cornerstone and French revolutions. John Lockes free-handed political views were verydifferent and were unheardof at the timein Great Britain.He believed that it was wrong for a governance to force its subjects to conform to a particular religion. Locke said that religious beliefs are a private concern and that they are not a proper subject for government interference. Locke also believed in natural rights which he usually referred to as, aliveness, liberty, andproperty. Hestated that these rights a person may surrender or forfeitby attacking others, but no one can simply take them away. If the government begins to violate these rights by depriving its subjects of life, liberty, and property, then the populate have a right to overthrow the governmentand establish a late one.Lockealso believedthat population can consent to create and obey only a limited or constitutional government. Lockes views on practicing religion freely later influenced the creation of the American Declaration of Independence. John Locke 3 premature in his medical studies, L ocke met the Earl of Shaftsbury. The two became friends and Shaftsbury soon persuaded Locke to move to London and produce his personal physician.As Shaftsburys power grew, so did Lockes responsibilities. He assisted in his business and political matters and eventually Locke became his secretary of presentations. Shaftsbury had a very heavy influence on Lockes political passage and many of his radical thoughts. Shaftsbury left an outlook on rule and government that stayed with Locke for the rest of his life. After reading about much of Lockes life it is easy to see that he was very liberal and believed in the people having powers and freedoms that, at the time, were unheard of. John Lockes philosophical political ideas and belles-lettres have greatly contributed to the freedoms we enjoy today in the Western part of the world. BIBLIOGRAPHY John Locke. (2014).The Biography. com website. Retrieved 0112, Sep 21, 2014, fromhttp//www. biography. com/people/john-locke-9384544. Ball, Tere nce, and Richard Dagger. Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal. 8th ed. impudent York Longman, 2010. Print. John Locke 4 Table Of Contents Page 1 form of address Page 2 Table of Contents Page 3 biographic Background and Political Views Page 4 Connections and Conclusion John Locke 5 Page 5 Bibliography.

Earth Buddies

ANALYSIS The five partners i. e. Rabie, Harary, Varadi, Michelle and Austin physique what we call a police squad. A team is a small number of heap with complementary skills who ar committed to a common objective and are accountable to one another. This common purpose was to stool Earth Buddies and the company a triumph. The Five-Stage sit down can be used to mark the standard sequence of stages that groups go through. These are forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning.However, for the five partners, performing forget be the last stage for phylogeny as it is a permanent workgroup. at a time these stages are achieved, the team learns to resolve conflicts and augment norms which enable them to perform. Because of the teams efficacy to resolve conflicts in friendly ways and perform, they made Earth Buddies a big success in a relatively short span. Each individual had their role. The roles were twain task-oriented (initiating, clarifying, providing info and opinions) and maintenance roles (harmonizing, compromising, encouraging).When balanced intumesce, these 2 roles contribute to effective team functioning. When meetings took localize between the five partners, these two roles were performing a significant part. This helped them to stay concentrate towards the objectives and also resolve conflicts if any. Motivation and leaders have also played a vital role in the success of the product. Production grew to 17,000 buddies a day from 5,000 buddies. The ending was to achieve 16,000 to meet K grocery stores order. The executive team worked well with the employees and motivated them to work towards the common goal.

Arguments

Arguments based on feeling work in different media by getting the audience to feel a sense of what the advertiser is try to convey. The potential of these arguments differ based on the means and what they atomic number 18 trying to present. For example, if the promoter is trying to get a message crosswise through a book, they have to entangle something that might interest readers. Un wish books, if they argon trying to advertise something through television, they involve something that might interest people who like watching T.V. , such as tramp potatoes etc. The approach for magazines is different. If someone is already reading a magazine they are in for ads wherefore it is much easier to bewitch their attention. However, arguments based on perception quit significantly on websites. You can go from a positive response to an extremely negative response in a few seconds, therefore you must be careful. Certain things an ad might award may go against what someone belie ves and allow for instigate hate comments which technically may not deserve that type of classification.Others may be able to receive the emotion the ad is trying to present and therefore the ad can be successful. News newsprints are an emotionally colder source than television word in my perspective because when you are watching the news, the reporters can sound a micro enthusiastic, delivering the news in a wannabee manner. When reading the newspaper, you can only pick up It how you envision It and so If the tone of the paper Is depressing, then It would be emotionally colder.

Exercise Plan for Football Players Essay

Football, being a very energetic sport, means the players should bide fit and healthy.To do this they down a specific representative plan, this giveing realize that the players retarding force up stakes not get weary through come forth the ninety minute game.In this assignment I am passing to devise a possible action and fitness plan for this sport. In it I volition include, gentle exercise, low train elongate, curl ups for ab muscles and mobilising exercises for berms and pelviss. I will include plans for exercises with and without the use of weights. I will add an exercise regime table.I will thus evaluate my work.At first the players will catch to do a Gentle exercise to cordially up. This will help to try and nix any injuries that may occur, whilst completing the tranquillity of the exercise plan.At first the players will have to debase their muscles, get-go from the leave of their bodies.Head and Neck Rotation.* Begin by tilting headman rear thinly.* Draw lift forwards and level the head.* haveing head level, growth to skilful.* Tilt chin forwards, towards the chest.* calm atomic reactor head blanketwards, leaving chin downwardly* Finish by belatedly acme the chin and head back to the practiced po getion.The deep profane give birth upright with feet pelvic girdle breadth apart. Lock fingers together behind back. Gently ease the elbows up and away from the dead body, until the stretch is entangle. substantiate this for 20 to 30 seconds. exhort-ups Start with your heaps direct on the root word, underneath shoulders. view as body on toes, extending forkings neat. turn of events in stomach bend elbows out 90 and pull down chest towards the floor. Inhaling at the very(prenominal) time. Press back up to the traveling power whilst exhaling. Keep head level. Do not lift it too risque as this places a strain on the neck and can result in injury. geminate this for 2 sets of 10.Latissimus Dorsi Stretch Stand with feet hip width apart force in the abdomen muscles. train wiz arm straight over the head, fragile sideways from the hip joint, ensuring you keep the hips level. debase arm until a stretch is felt. Hold for 10 to 20 seconds breathing softenedly throughout. Repeat this stretch on the new(prenominal) side. Repeat for 2 sets of 10 on each side.Triceps Stretch With abdominal under expunge and back straight, place the fingers of one march on in between the shoulder blades. Support this arm by placing the another(prenominal) hand on the elbow. Apply gentle cart by pushing the elbow down the spine with the provideing hand. Feel the stretch in the back of the arm. Breathe as throughout. Hold this for 10 to 20 seconds. Repeat on the other side.Basic labour Lie on back with knees up. Feet hip width apart, abdominal sucked in and pass on at side of head (Not at Back of head). Exhale, squeeze up raising shoulders a little way polish cancelled the ground. Hold for a moment accordingly slow ease down inhaling. For a more advanced stretch, lift legs turned the floor whilst raising shoulders. Repeat this for 2 sets of 10.Oblique curl Lie immediately on back with knees up, feet hip width apart, keep right shoulder and lower back pressed tightly into the floor. Whilst exhaling hire the abdominal and with left arm form over to the right knee, until a stretch is felt, in the midsection whilst lifting the left shoulder slightly off the floor. Hold for a moment, thence whilst inhaling lower back to floor. For a more advances stretch raise feet off floor and reach for toes. Repeat this for 2 sets of 10.Calf Stretch Standing with feet face forwards, hip width apart, take a tone forward with the right leg, keeping the knee slightly bent. Press the dog of right leg into the floor until the stretch is felt in the rear calf muscle of this leg. Hold this for 20 to 30 seconds, keeping weight centred over the hips, step backwards with the right leg to return to run short position. Repeat exploitation the other leg.Squats (Quads, Hamstrings and Gluteals.) Stand with abdominal contracted and feet hip width apart, arms should be stretched in front. Bend at knees lowering the body and inhaling go doing so. Thighs should remain parallel to the floor and head should be kept in line with the spine. Do not tip too far forward as this places stress on the lower back and makes the exercise less effective. Hold momently at the bottom position then whilst exhaling return to the start position. Repeat this 10 times.This completes the partial(p) up exercise.For the aerobic workout, the players should nip for a minimum of thirty minutes. In this jog they should include side stepping and withal skipping. After thirty minutes the curtilage should be reduced to a spry walk, this should be done for five minutes. adjacent the brisk walk, the pace should again be reduced to a relaxed walk this should excessively be done for five minut es.When the players have completed their aerobic work out a straightaway down should take place. In the warm down, some stretches that were utilize in the warm up, should be apply again. Warming down is very important. If heating down does not take place, it will make the muscles feel sore and tender. It could excessively lead to injury.When using weight machines for exercise, you must(prenominal) always check that it is on the pay off weight for you.Flat Dumbbell Press (Chest) This exercise can be performed on a flat of inclined bench, keep abdominal contracted and lower back flat onto the bench, take a 5kg cola in each hand and turn back tem in a 90 cant over to your body. Lift the tits in an arc to a higher place the chest until they almost touch. fall to start position. Repeat this 10 times.Seated language (Back) recurrence an bouncy band and sit on the floor with legs extended in front. Make sure back is straight and abdominal are contracted. Pull elastic with arms until there Is a slight tension in the band. squeeze elbows slowly backwards increasing the tension in the band. Exhale as you do this. Return to start position, inhaling while doing so.Lateral Pull down (Back) Before starting this exercise check the weights are at 5kgs and ordinate the seat level. Sit with feet flat on the floor. Abdominal contracted and back straight. visit body is stabilised by the leg pad which rests on your thighs. Use a wide over hand apprehend, pull down bar, to level with upper chest, exhaling. Squeeze back muscles at bottom position. tardily return bar to the starting position, inhaling while doing so. Repeat this 10 to 20 times. time 4 seconds up.4 seconds down.Biceps Curl Take a 3kg Dumbbell, in your right hand, back up with feet, hip width apart and abdominal contracted. Straighten arm holding the dumbbell towards the floor. Squeeze the dumbbell upwards until level with the shoulder, exhaling while doing so. Momentarily squeeze your bicep a t top position. In a slow controlled movement lower the arm to starting position. Repeat this 10 times and then swap arms.Leg Press over again check weights are at 5kgs and lay the seat. Start with the hips and knees at 90 to your ashes with your feet flat on the foot support. Keep lower back and head in contact with the back support and grip the bars. Push your lower body up and away from the foot support slowly breathing out, make sure feet inhabit flat on the floor support and a stretch should be felt in the whole of the upper leg. Hold this momentarily in the top position before slowly returning to start position, inhaling as you do so. Repeat this 20 times.This completes the warm up exercise for the exercises using weights.For this aerobic Exercise, the players should spend 15 minutes jogging of Hill walking on a treadmill followed by 15 minutes on a cross trainer. After this they should then spend 10 minutes on a course machine, gently rowing to ease the pace.When the p layers have finished their aerobic workout, a warm down should take place. Again in this warm down some stretches from the warm up will be used, this will help prevent muscle innervation or any injuries.

Inmates Welfare and Development

Chapter 1 THE RESEARCH PROBLEMIntroductionThe assurance of poky charge and penology en hallucinations itself as a self-propelling institution highly regarded for its stay fresh pitying holding and learning of flimflams. This is so a actually noble vision which has point the institution over the end 20 familys. With this, the Bureau aims to enhance popular condom by providing tender-heartede steady-goingkeeping and givement of inmates.In line with the vision, the Bureau endeavors to hammer policies and guidelines in the administration of all district, metropolis and municipal put behind barss nationwide, provide for the basic exacts of inmates, and lend activities for the maturation of inmates to ultimately reform their life history designates in accordance with the accept standards tog by the united states. Our penning provides that whatsoever soulfulness impeach of committing a criminal offense is presumed gratis(p) until proven felonious in a c ourt of constabulary.Thus, a individual charged with a nuisance should non be denied of his freedom to acquire and move at par with other innocent citizenry who ar non incarcerated, unless in that respect is a good reason. In familiarity to this, the brass is a spoty to some(prenominal) Geneva Conventions much(prenominal) as the worldwide Covenant on well-mannered and political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, loving and Cultural Rights, to name a few.Our disposals formal inscription to principles of human rights and external humanitarian law has been translated into non-homogeneous visorical anaesthetic laws and foremost is the 1987 Filipino institution which has often been referred to as the serviceman Rights Constitution. However, in spite of all these international and local laws, the government is still ineffectual to stick with with its obligations because of very hold in re root systems. As a result, most of our detains be hel lish and dehumanizing.It dwells stress, tiresomeness and can even malign the individuals and their see families in countless elbow rooms. It is in that respectof a great challenge on the part of the administration of the BJMP to efficiently and efficaciously practice its resources in the executing of its mandate. And to portion kayoed the increase and recurring problems internal delay facilities non to mention the contrastive some one(a)alities and varied ineluctably of inmates, the Bureau of put to sleep watchfulness and Penology has intensified the toolation of the Inmates offbeat and emergence curriculum.Theoretical Framework This direct is anchored on the Maslows Hierarchy of call for which states that if pauperization is impelled by the existence of un fulfill inevitably, past it is worth slim-arm for a coach-and-four to visualize which necessarily ar more than all important(p) for every individual low his/her counseling. In this regard, A braham Maslow developed a theoretical account in which basic, low- take aim compulsions much(prenominal) as physiologic compulsions and safety must(prenominal) be slaked forwards high- aim require much(prenominal) as self-fulfillment ar pursued.In this stratified model, when a emergency is loosely satisfied, it no longer motivates and the next higher(prenominal) hire takes its place. Maslows hierarchy of take is shown in the following(a) diagram issue 1. Maslows Hierarchy of ineluctably The physiologic Needs be those required to concord life, such(prenominal) as air, water, nourishment, and sleep. match to Maslows possibleness, if such take are not satisfied then nonpareils want will arise from the pursuit to assemble them. Higher unavoidably such as social needfully and think up are not felt until wiz has met the needs basic to ones incarnate functioning.For the Safety Need, at once physiological needs are met, ones maintenance turns to safety and security in inn to be free from the little terror of corporal and emotional harm. Such needs powerfulness be fulfilled by pecuniary support in a safe area, medical checkup insurance, job security and financial re hangs. fit to Maslows hierarchy, if a soul finds that he or she is harms way, higher needs will not nab much attention. Then once a person has met the dismantle direct of physiological and safety needs, higher level needs set step up important, the first of which are fond Needs.Social needs are those connect to interaction with other citizenry and may embarrass need for friends, need for belonging, need to bankrupt and receive love. Then, once a person feels a sense of belongingness, the need to feel important arises. Esteem Needs may be classified as native or external. Internal consider needs are those related to self- think up such as self-respect and recognition. more or less esteem needs are self-respect, achievement, attention, recogniti on, and reputation.Maslow subsequently beautiful his model to include a level between esteem needs and self-actualization the need for knowledge and aesthetics. Next is the Self-actualization Need, it is the crown of Maslows hierarchy of needs. It is the quest of reaching ones full authorisation as a person. Unlike lower level needs, this need is never full satisfied as one grows psychologically, there are always new opportunities to continue to grow. Self-actualized people tend to have needs such as truth, justice, wisdom, and meaning.Self-actualized persons have everyday occurrences of bankers bill experiences, which are energized moments of profound gratification and harmony. According to Maslow, however a small percent of the population reaches the level of self-actualization. This count was establish on the above mentioned theory because it is inbred for shut away Officers to safeguard the conditions of inmates deep down lock aways and to develop their personalit ies. cast aside Officers have a major role to financial aid these individuals sustain themselves for them to become a law-abiding share of the lodge and be a juicy one.Hypothesis The diverse programs, projects and activities of the Inmates offbeat and training course of the Laoag urban center remand are very pertinent to the holistic suppuration, well-being and reclamation of the inmates during their incarceration through the efficient performance of the touch BJMP force play. Statement of the Problem The reflect aimed to esteem the implementation of the Inmates Welfare and festering broadcast at Laoag city jail.Specifically, it desire to manage the following questions1.What are the distinguishable programs, projects and activities existence undertaken at the Laoag metropolis Jail to brood the public assistance and ripening of the inmates?2. Who are trusty in the implementation of the diametrical programs, projects and activities of the IWD surgical i ncision?3. How does the jail administration source out funds to realize and implement the heterogeneous programs, projects and activities of the IWD political platform?4. What is/are the recognition/s of the inmates on the implementation of the divergent programs, projects and activities undertaken by the IWD theatrical role in foothold of 2. relevancy and 2. 2 Efficiency5. Are the programs, projects and activities of the IWDP powerful in advancing the welfare and development of the inmate s during their incarceration? importee of the training This necessitate shall be advantageous to the following The Lawmakers. The result of this need would help our lawmakers in crafting and promulgating laws to improve the living conditions of persons deprived of improperness and promote the general welfare and development of these inmates. The Jail Bureau.The outcome of the study would be of great help to the top management of the Bureau in force out and formulating programs and po licies for the strict implementation of the IWD Program. The Inmates. The welfare and condition of inmates is the primordial line of work of the BJMP. The insights provided in this study will serve as a basis to enhance their particular while being incarcerated conforming to the United Nations standard in the intervention of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL). The alliance.The society which is imperturbable of the families, the academe, various government and non-government organizations, cause-oriented groups, some(prenominal) unearthly groups and other capable and interested tete-a-tete individuals who are actively reenforcement the programs of the Bureau would use this study as a stepping stone towards build perdurable federation with the BJMP, operative together as one, share-out a collective, comprehensive and a holistic approach to help the plights of the PDLs. The Researchers.Other than for the shape for the requirement of the course, this work would satisfy t he sanitary and inquisitive minds of the researchers on the opposite activities of the inmates during their incarceration. Moreover, the cheerfulness of sharing a humble parting for the approaching of BJMP and its clientele is a joy so profound. This paper would in any case serve as a guide on the way for the researchers who have the same concern and displeasure for a humane care and development of inmates and might consider working and building a career with BJMP. reach and Delimitations of the StudyThe study deals with the determination of the distinct programs projects and activities undertaken by the Inmates Welfare and schooling Section of the jail and the different personalities tangled in its implementation. It is in any case accommodate to establish the perception of the personnel and inmates on the relevance and efficiency of the different programs, projects and activities of the IWD Section of the jail. In the conduct of the interview, it was limited only f or the concerned personnel involved in the implementation of the Inmates Welfare and Development Program of the jail.For the inmates as respondents in the survey, a plastered return of inmates from each of the eighter (8) cells of the jail were included to represent the entireness number of inmates jail population. The Laoag City Jail was elect to be the locale of the study. It is kindle to take note that the Laoag City Jail has won the surpass City Jail apportion in Region 1 for both accompanying years because of the intensified implementation of the IWD Program. It was also nominated as better City Jail nationwide for the year 2011. definition of Terms To better translate the study, the following terms are delineate operationally and contextuallyBJMP. This stands for the Bureau of Jail trouble and Penology. Cell. It is a place inner(a) the jail wherein the inmates are wrapped. City Jail. This refers to the Laoag City Jail which houses detainees awaiting judicial di sposition of their cases and captives whose sentences ranged from one mean solar day to three years. Community. It is a group of interacting people living in a common location. Court Order. This is a licit enter or proclamation in which a court orders a person to perpetrate a specific act, prohibits from execute an act, sets a court date, or licitly establishes something.Detainee. This refers to the accused person of a evil before a court or suitable authority that is temporarily jailed in jail undergoing investigation and trials or awaiting for last(a) judgment and conviction. Efficiency. The calibre or airscrew of being efficient that is the floor to which this quality is being exercised. Implementation. This refers to the carrying out or somatogenetic realization of the program. Inmates. This refers to either a prisoner or detainee confined inside jail. IWDP. Inmates Welfare and Development Program Personnel.This refers to a bona fide member of the BJMP. PDL. This r efers to persons Deprived of Liberty. These are detainees who are incarcerated pending trial and/or nett judgment. It includes all persons who are arrested, detained, incarcerate or otherwise under shackles of government authorities. PDLs maybe held in jails, prisons, cargo area centers, lock-ups, hospitals, reformation centers elsewhere. Relevance. This refers to the applicability or helpfulness of the different programs, projects and activities applicability to social issues. TCMP. healing(p) Community Modality ProgramInmates Welfare and DevelopmentChapter 1 THE RESEARCH PROBLEMIntroductionThe Bureau of Jail Management and Penology envisions itself as a dynamic institution highly regarded for its sustained humane safekeeping and development of inmates. This is indeed a very noble vision which has guided the institution over the last 20 years. With this, the Bureau aims to enhance public safety by providing humane safekeeping and development of inmates.In line with the visio n, the Bureau endeavors to formulate policies and guidelines in the administration of all district, city and municipal jails nationwide, provide for the basic needs of inmates, and conduct activities for the development of inmates to ultimately improve their living conditions in accordance with the accepted standards set by the United Nations. Our Constitution provides that any person accused of committing a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.Thus, a person charged with a crime should not be denied of his freedom to choose and live at par with other innocent people who are not incarcerated, unless there is a good reason. In connection to this, the government is a political party to several Geneva Conventions such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, to name a few.Our governments formal commitment to principles of human rights and international humanitarian la w has been translated into various local laws and foremost is the 1987 Philippine Constitution which has often been referred to as the Human Rights Constitution. However, in spite of all these international and local laws, the government is still unable to comply with its obligations because of very limited resources. As a result, most of our jails are unpleasant and dehumanizing.It dwells stress, boredom and can even harm the individuals and their visiting families in countless ways. It is therefore a great challenge on the part of the administration of the BJMP to efficiently and effectively utilize its resources in the implementation of its mandate. And to address the increasing and recurring problems inside detention facilities not to mention the different personalities and varied needs of inmates, the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology has intensified the implementation of the Inmates Welfare and Development Program.Theoretical Framework This study is anchored on the Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs which states that if motivation is driven by the existence of unsatisfied needs, then it is worthwhile for a manager to understand which needs are more important for every individual under his/her management. In this regard, Abraham Maslow developed a model in which basic, low-level needs such as physiological requirements and safety must be satisfied before higher-level needs such as self-fulfillment are pursued.In this hierarchical model, when a need is mostly satisfied, it no longer motivates and the next higher need takes its place. Maslows hierarchy of needs is shown in the following diagramFigure 1. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs The Physiological Needs are those required to sustain life, such as air, water, nourishment, and sleep. According to Maslows theory, if such needs are not satisfied then ones motivation will arise from the quest to satisfy them. Higher needs such as social needs and esteem are not felt until one has met the needs basic to ones bodily functioning.For the Safety Need, once physiological needs are met, ones attention turns to safety and security in order to be free from the threat of physical and emotional harm. Such needs might be fulfilled by living in a safe area, medical insurance, job security and financial reserves. According to Maslows hierarchy, if a person feels that he or she is harms way, higher needs will not receive much attention. Then once a person has met the lower level of physiological and safety needs, higher level needs become important, the first of which are Social Needs.Social needs are those related to interaction with other people and may include need for friends, need for belonging, need to give and receive love. Then, once a person feels a sense of belongingness, the need to feel important arises. Esteem Needs may be classified as internal or external. Internal esteem needs are those related to self-conceit such as self-respect and recognition. Some esteem needs are self-respect, achiev ement, attention, recognition, and reputation.Maslow later refined his model to include a level between esteem needs and self-actualization the need for knowledge and aesthetics. Next is the Self-actualization Need, it is the summit of Maslows hierarchy of needs. It is the quest of reaching ones full potential as a person. Unlike lower level needs, this need is never fully satisfied as one grows psychologically, there are always new opportunities to continue to grow. Self-actualized people tend to have needs such as truth, justice, wisdom, and meaning.Self-actualized persons have frequent occurrences of peak experiences, which are energized moments of profound happiness and harmony. According to Maslow, only a small percentage of the population reaches the level of self-actualization. This study was based on the above mentioned theory because it is inherent for Jail Officers to safeguard the conditions of inmates inside jails and to develop their personalities. Jail Officers have a major role to help these individuals help themselves for them to become a law-abiding member of the society and be a productive one.Hypothesis The different programs, projects and activities of the Inmates Welfare and Development Program of the Laoag City Jail are very relevant to the holistic development, welfare and rehabilitation of the inmates during their incarceration through the efficient implementation of the concerned BJMP personnel. Statement of the Problem The study aimed to assess the implementation of the Inmates Welfare and Development Program at Laoag City jail.Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions1.What are the different programs, projects and activities being undertaken at the Laoag City Jail to address the welfare and development of the inmates?2. Who are responsible in the implementation of the different programs, projects and activities of the IWD Section?3. How does the jail administration source out funds to realize and implement the various programs, projects and activities of the IWD Program?4. What is/are the perception/s of the inmates on the implementation of the different programs, projects and activities undertaken by the IWD Section in terms of 2. Relevance and 2. 2 Efficiency5. Are the programs, projects and activities of the IWDP effective in advancing the welfare and development of the inmate s during their incarceration? Significance of the Study This study shall be beneficial to the following The Lawmakers. The result of this study would help our lawmakers in crafting and promulgating laws to improve the living conditions of persons deprived of liberty and promote the general welfare and development of these inmates. The Jail Bureau.The outcome of the study would be of great help to the top management of the Bureau in drawing out and formulating programs and policies for the strict implementation of the IWD Program. The Inmates. The welfare and condition of inmates is the primordial concern of the BJMP. Th e insights provided in this study will serve as a basis to enhance their situation while being incarcerated conforming to the United Nations standard in the treatment of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL). The Community.The community which is composed of the families, the academe, various government and non-government organizations, cause-oriented groups, several religious groups and other capable and concerned private individuals who are actively supporting the programs of the Bureau would use this study as a stepping stone towards building lasting partnership with the BJMP, working together as one, sharing a collective, comprehensive and a holistic approach to help the plights of the PDLs. The Researchers.Other than for the compliance for the requirement of the course, this work would satisfy the healthy and curious minds of the researchers on the different activities of the inmates during their incarceration. Moreover, the joy of sharing a humble contribution for the future of BJM P and its clientele is a joy so profound. This paper would also serve as a guide along the way for the researchers who have the same concern and passion for a humane safekeeping and development of inmates and might consider working and building a career with BJMP. Scope and Delimitations of the StudyThe study deals with the determination of the different programs projects and activities undertaken by the Inmates Welfare and Development Section of the jail and the different personalities involved in its implementation. It is also geared to establish the perception of the personnel and inmates on the relevance and efficiency of the different programs, projects and activities of the IWD Section of the jail. In the conduct of the interview, it was limited only for the concerned personnel involved in the implementation of the Inmates Welfare and Development Program of the jail.For the inmates as respondents in the survey, a certain number of inmates from each of the eight (8) cells of th e jail were included to represent the total number of inmates jail population. The Laoag City Jail was chosen to be the locale of the study. It is interesting to note that the Laoag City Jail has won the Best City Jail award in Region 1 for two consecutive years because of the intensified implementation of the IWD Program. It was also nominated as Best City Jail nationwide for the year 2011. Definition of Terms To better understand the study, the following terms are defined operationally and contextuallyBJMP. This stands for the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology. Cell. It is a place inside the jail wherein the inmates are confined. City Jail. This refers to the Laoag City Jail which houses detainees awaiting judicial disposition of their cases and prisoners whose sentences ranged from one day to three years. Community. It is a group of interacting people living in a common location. Court Order. This is a legal document or proclamation in which a court orders a person to perfor m a specific act, prohibits from performing an act, sets a court date, or legally establishes something.Detainee. This refers to the accused person of a crime before a court or competent authority that is temporarily confined in jail undergoing investigation and trials or awaiting for final judgment and conviction. Efficiency. The quality or property of being efficient that is the degree to which this quality is being exercised. Implementation. This refers to the carrying out or physical realization of the program. Inmates. This refers to either a prisoner or detainee confined inside jail. IWDP. Inmates Welfare and Development Program Personnel.This refers to a bona fide member of the BJMP. PDL. This refers to persons Deprived of Liberty. These are detainees who are incarcerated pending trial and/or final judgment. It includes all persons who are arrested, detained, imprisoned or otherwise under custody of government authorities. PDLs maybe held in jails, prisons, detention centers, lock-ups, hospitals, rehabilitation centers elsewhere. Relevance. This refers to the applicability or helpfulness of the different programs, projects and activities applicability to social issues. TCMP. Therapeutic Community Modality Program