Shaping, Chaining, and Reinforcement Schedules in Prison Essay

Shaping, Chaining, and Reinforcement Schedules in Prison A Review Shaping, chaining and reenforcement schedules be learning theories go for in operant conditioning to falsify individualist sorts. Shaping involves teaching new behaviors in steps. An individual shapes their behaviors when they atomic number 18 observeed for closely or perfectly mastering a step in the behaviors modification. Chaining is the links that atomic number 18 made from one step to another in the behavior modification. Reinforcement schedules are the pays and punishments given when an individual masters or refuses to master a step in the influence of a behavior. operative conditioning incorporates the use of defining, chaining and reinforcing behaviors in order to create a lovable outcome in the behaviors of an individual. Shaping, chaining and financial backing schedules are use in schools, homes, and prisons across the world. In the prison environment they are used to careen yardbirds behav iors, and help buncos get ready to reenter society as fertile members. Prisons utilize the various steps of operant conditioning to aide in changing all sorts of behaviors including ire management. Shaping and ChainingShaping and chaining behavior is a key part of the learning theory don as operant conditioning. Operant conditioning Shaping takes place when an individual is rewarded for a unexceptionable response to a stimulus. In an elicit management program an individual would be rewarded for the reaction to anger and the ability to manage anger. An individual would be rewarded for managing anger when presented with stimuli that inductances anger and punished when failing to manage anger when presented with stimuli that motivate anger. At first then inmate might be reward for not becoming physically aggressive when presented with the stimuli that triggers anger.Over time the inmate would not be rewarded unless management is displayed without verbal or physical aggression. The reward for the anger management displayed by inmates would decrease as the management techniques improve. Chaining would descend when the inmate is able to move from one step to another in their ability to manage their anger.Reinforcement SchedulesReinforcement schedules are the rewards and punishments utilized in conjunction with shaping and chaining in operant conditioning of behaviors.Rewards are utilized to encourage the right responses to stimuli while punishments are utilized to consequence or discourage any responses that are not close to the desired response to a stimulus. As an individual chains the responses and shapes anger management behaviors they are rewarded and learn to utilize anger management in place of overage behaviors. The use of rewards is phased out when an individual utilizes the anger management responses instead of the in the beginning responses to stimuli that create anger. Rewards and sanctions are key to shaping any behavior (Carey & Carter, 200 9). literary productions ReviewResearch shows that the utilization of arrogant reinforcement in inmates produces positive results in shaping behaviors (Thomas, 2001). According to Fishbein, Sheppard, Hyde, Hubal, Newlin, Serin, Chrousos, & Alesci Executive cognitive functioning and aroused regulation may play a key role in preaching responsively (2009 p.419). Burdon, St. De Lore & Prendergast report that behaviorally based protocol that involves the constitutionatic operation of positive reinforcement following demonstration of a desired behavior in drug intervention programs have proven to promote the shaping of inmate behaviors (2012). Although historically sanctions have been used as the primary manner to respond to or control offenders behavior, research indicates that positive reinforcement should be applied much than frequently than negative reinforcement when trying to change behavior (Carey & Carter, 2009 p.9) Most experts in psychology and criminal justice twin an ger is problematic when it is too frequent, too intense, too prolonged, or managed inefficaciously (Smith, Smith & Beckner, 1994). Smith, Smith & Beckner discuss a research study in which anger management workshops were utilized in a womens punitory facility (1994).In this study women were taught anger management skills over the epoch of three sessions (1994). The inmates were taught anger management skills and reported feeling better active themselves and their ability to cope with stimuli that triggers anger (1994). Reinforcement schedules are shown to be more in force(p) in women inmates (1994). Shaping of inmate behaviors in drug treatment programs with the use of reinforcement schedules have been researched and findings have been promising (Burdon, St. De Lore & Prendergast, 2012). The shaping of anger management behaviors in inmates is possible with positivereinforcement schedules. Inmates do well when positive reinforcements for behaviors are given (Seirn & Hanby, 2009). As Burdon, St. De Lore & Prendergast explains, inmates are constantly being given punishments and acknowledged for the negative behaviors displayed (2009). When punishments are publicise a personal manner replace with positive reinforcement there is a meaningful change in the behaviors exhibited by inmates (Smith & Schweitzer, 2012). Individuals receiving positive attention of behaviors exhibit more positive behaviors to get the attention desired.The same can be utter in the prison setting. Individuals need to be taught new ways to flock with anger, and the prison environment offers a unique environment to reshape the very behaviors and beliefs that contributed to an individual being placed in there. Inmates imprisoned for acts of violence repayable to the lack of anger management skills will only reenter the prison system for the same acts if not taught a different way to cope with stimuli that triggers anger. Implementing anger management skills to inmates with anger managem ent issues would reduce the likelihood of reentry. Shaping and chaining the way in which inmates respond to anger can result in womb-to-tomb effective implementation of anger management skills by inmates. Shaping would give-up the ghost by first helping inmate identify stimuli that triggers anger.Once inmates know what triggers anger, next the teaching of anger management skills can take place. When inmates utilize the anger management skills in place of the natural reaction for situations that trigger anger, rewards would be given. By implementing reinforcements for the utilization of anger management skills inmates learn the grateful responses to stimuli of anger. The goal would be to effectively shape the anger management skills utilized by inmates without the need for reinforcement. For example, instead of becoming violent, an inmate would walk away. endingThe utilization if positive reinforcement schedules have been proven to be effective in prisons across the United States. Anger management programs have not always proven to be successful within prisons. Shaping and chaining of anger can be done within the prison system by means of the implementation of anger management workshops and reinforcements schedules. Several studies have shown the successes of positive reinforcement with inmates. Combining anger management shaping with reinforcement schedules could prove to augment the likelihood of success in anger management programs offered to inmates.ReferencesButdon, W., St. De Lore, J., Prendergast, M. (2012). Developing and implementing a positive behavioral reinforcement intervention in prison-based drug treatment Project BRITE. Journal of Phychoactive Drugs, 7, 40-50 Retrieved from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429341/ Casey, M., & Carter, M. Center for Effective Public Policy. (2009) Shaping offender behavior. Retrieved from http//www.cepp.com/documents/Shaping%20Offender%20Behavior.pdf Fishbein, D., Sheppard, M., Hyde, C., Hubal, R., Newlin, D., Serin, R., Chrousos, G., & Alesci, S. (2009). Deficits in behavioral inhibition predict treatment particular date in prison inmates. Law and Human Behavior, 33(5), 419-35. doihttp//dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10979-008-9163-7 Serin, R., Hanby, L. Correctional work Canada. (2009). Offender incentive and behavioural management. Retrieved from http//www.csc-scc.gc.ca/research/005008-0214-01-eng.shtml strategies. Smith, P. & Schweitzer, M. (2012). The therapeutic prison. Journal of contemporary Criminal Justice, 28(1), 7-22. doi 10.1177/1043986211432201 Thomas, S. P. (2001). Teaching healthy anger management. Perspectives in psychiatrical Care, 37(2), 41-8. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/200754284?accountid=458